Hypothesis: Gentamicin is widely used to combat life-threatening infections, despite its ototoxic effects. Montelukast has been shown in definitive studies to reduce oxidative damage. We investigated the therapeutic role of Montelukast against gentamicin-induced cochlear nerve ototoxicity in an animal model.

Methods: Thirty-two Sprague Dawley rats were divided into four groups: Gentamicin, Gentamicin + Montelukast, Montelukast and Control. Preoperative and postoperative hearing thresholds were determined using auditory brainstem response thresholds with click, 16-kHz and 32 -kHz tone-burst stimuli. All nerve and spiral ganglion tissue within bone tissue sections were examined by light microscope.

Results: In the Gentamicin+Montelukast and Montelukast groups, the increases in click, 16 kHz and 32 kHz Tone Burst at postoperative weeks 1 and 2 were significantly lower than in the Gentamicin group (p< 0.05). The Gentamicin group showed the most severe histological alterations including the number of cell nuclei, the number of ganglion cells and ganglion cell damage (p < 0.05).

Conclusion: Adding oral Montelukast to systemic gentamicin was demonstrated to exert beneficial effects on click- and tone burst-evoked hearing thresholds, as supported by the histological findings.

Braune M1, Scherf N2, Heine C1, et all. Involvement of GPR17 in Neuronal Fibre Outgrowth. Int J Mol Sci. 2021 Oct 28;22(21):11683. doi: 10.3390/ijms222111683.

Çınar Z1, Edizer DT1, Yigit Ö1, et all. Does Calcium Dobesilate Have Therapeutic Effect on Gentamicin-induced Cochlear Nerve Ototoxicity? An Experimental Study. Otol Neurotol. 2020 Dec;41(10):e1185-e1192. doi: 10.1097/MAO.0000000000002820.

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