Tropical rainforest is a biodiversity-rich habitat. The conversion of rainforests to managed land use system shifts the soil prokaryotic community. In this study, we investigated the bacterial community in litter, soil and root of four different land use systems, consisting of lowland rainforest (RF), oil palm plantation (OP), rubber plantation (RP) and shrubland (SL) in Jambi, Indonesia. The samples were collected from the topsoil and the bacterial community was assessed based on 16S rRNA gene amplicons. The total amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) generated from 370 selected samples was 113,296. The analysis showed that Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria were dominant across the samples, especially in litter samples. Soil samples were dominated by Actinobacteria, Cloroflexi, and Firmicutes. Some well-known predatory bacteria phyla, such as Myxococcota and Bdellovibrionota were also present in soil. Proteobacteria exhibited the highest relative abundance in root samples. The composition of bacterial communities in litter and root harbor members of Armatimonadota, Bacteroidota, and Cyanobacteria phyla. Analysis of bacterial diversity in different land use systems based on Shannon diversity index revealed that the conversion of rainforest negatively affected the diversity in litter of rubber plantation and positively affected the diversity in roots of oil palm (P<0.05). The conversion of rainforest into managed land use system also significantly affected the phylogenetic diversity in litter of rubber plantation, soil of rubber and oil palm plantation, and root of rubber and oil palm plantation. The bacterial diversity in shrubland, which is an intermediate of rainforest and managed land use systems, was not significantly different from that of rainforest. Redundancy analysis suggested that the total carbon was the main driver in bacterial community composition across the samples.