Background: Gliomas are the most prevalent form of malignant brain tumor. They account for 70% of all primary malignant brain tumors. The only procedures available for diagnosis of grades are surgical incision and biopsy; however, our work focuses on finding a minimally invasive way for early glioma diagnosis. Identification of proteins released by cancer cells is of particular interest in this area, as it could lead to a better understanding of tumor growth.

Methods: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) were extracted from pooled plasma of healthy individuals and glioma patients of various grades (Grade I, II, or III). The size and concentration of Plasma derived-EVs marker were determined using nanoparticle tracking analysis, western blot, and flow cytometry. In furthermore, an iTRAQ-based LC-MS/MS analysis of EVs protein was performed followed by validation of identified marker through ELISA, Immunohistochemistry, Immunocytochemistry and flow cytometry.

Results: Total 123 proteins were identified from plasma derived pooled EVs. A total of seven proteins—namely, CRP, SAA2, SERPINA3, SAA1, C4A, LV211, and LGALS3BP — showed differential abundance in all the three grades. LGALS3BP is the only protein which found to be strikingly high in all three grades in a progressive manner.

Conclusion: LGALS3BP was shown to be elevated across all grades, the enhanced expression of LGALS3BP further validated in glioma patients (Tissue & plasma). That shows the possible biomarker for early diagnosis of glioma and can influence the treatment for the improvement of patient survival. This study would provide the information about LGALS3BP involvement in glioma progression that will lead to better pathogenesis of tumor condition..

Keywords: LGALS3BP, Biomarker, Extracellular Vesicles, Gliomas, ICC, IHC