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  • Poster presentation
  • P-I-0057

Metaproteomic analysis of gut microbiota responses to acute and prolonged xenobiotic exposure using a Simplified Human Microbial Model (SIHUMIx)

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Microbiology and Microbiome Analysis

Poster

Metaproteomic analysis of gut microbiota responses to acute and prolonged xenobiotic exposure using a Simplified Human Microbial Model (SIHUMIx)

Topic

  • Microbiology and Microbiome Analysis

Authors

Victor Castaneda-Monsalve (Leipzig / DE), Sven-Bastiaan Haange (Leipzig / DE), Ulrike Rolle-Kampczyk (Leipzig / DE), Martin von Bergen (Leipzig / DE), Nico Jehmlich (Leipzig / DE)

Abstract

The human gut microbiota, a complex symbiotic community, performs crucial functions such as breaking down complex dietary fibers, regulating the immune system, maintaining intestinal health, and biotransforming xenobiotics. However, xenobiotic intake can disrupt microbial composition, impairing these functions and posing risks to host health. While research on individual bacterial species has highlighted chemical interactions and their effects on bacterial metabolism, the overall impact on the entire gut microbiome remains insufficiently understood.
In this study, we explore how a simplified human gut microbial model (SIHUMIx) responds to acute and prolonged exposure to xenobiotics using a metaproteomic approach. Our aim is to capture the structural and functional dynamics of the microbiota, providing a comprehensive understanding beyond traditional genomic profiling. For acute exposure, SIHUMIx was exposed to 90 xenobiotics in 96 deep-well plates for 24 hours. Changes in community structure and function were assessed using metaproteomics. One treatment that significantly altered the SIHUMIx community was selected for prolonged exposure in bioreactors, where it was continuously exposed for six days, followed by a four-day recovery period. Similar analyses of changes in structure and function were conducted.
We observed that 44 out of the 90 xenobiotics influenced SIHUMIx's structure or function. Notably, the colorant Brilliant Blue caused a decrease in SCFAs, reduced the abundance of C. butyricum, and altered several pathways. Therefore, it was chosen for a prolonged exposure study. Exposure to this food colorant increased the abundance of Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron while decreasing other species. It also altered the community's metabolic profile by affecting pathways involved in energy metabolism, short-chain fatty acid metabolism, amino acid metabolism, secretion metabolism, and antibiotic resistance. This study presents two efficient in vitro techniques that provide valuable insights into the effects of a broad range of chemicals on a human microbiota model. Environmentally relevant concentrations of these chemicals caused significant changes in bacterial abundance and altered key metabolic pathways. The use of SIHUMIx allows for a detailed description of effects due to its controlled complexity. The use of metaproteomics offers a robust approach, providing broader insights into how bacterial metabolic phenotypes are altered after exposure and identifying proteins involved in these changes. Our approach is essential for the functional characterization of chemical-microbiota interactions, which is highly relevant for risk assessments by regulatory agencies.

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