Julia Probst (Hannover / DE), Dr. Andrea Springer (Hannover / DE), Dr. Olaf Kahl (Berlin / DE), Michael Bröker (Marburg / DE), Prof. Dr. Christina Strube (Hannover / DE)
Abstract text
Introduction
The most important tick species in Germany are Ixodes ricinus, vector of the causative agents of Lyme borreliosis and granulocytic anaplasmosis, rarely found during colder months, and Dermacentor reticulatus, vector of the potentially fatal agent of canine babesiosis, known to be more cold tolerant.
Objectives
We provide an update on the seasonal activity pattern and possible winter activity of both species to assess whether current national recommendations on tick control in dogs and cats might need adaptations.
Materials & methods
Tick activity was monitored at nine collection sites via flagging (April 2020-April 2022), as well as in quasi-natural field plots. In a nationwide submission study (May 2020-June 2021), veterinarians sent in ticks from cats and dogs.
Results
An average of two I. ricinus and 23 D. reticulatus were flagged per 100 m² between December 2020 and February 2021. In the winter 2021/22, one I. ricinus and three D. reticulatus were collected on average. Ixodes ricinus winter activity in tick plots started in February 2021 (4.6%; 16/350), followed by a mean daily winter activity of 1.1% (4/350) in 2021/22. Dermacentor reticulatus showed a mean activity of 20% (20/100) in the winter 2020/21 and 14.7% (22/150) in 2021/22. Of the 19,514 submitted ticks, 211 I. ricinus and 324 D. reticulatus were collected in the winter 2020/21.
Conclusion
All study approaches demonstrated winter activity of both tick species. To protect dogs and cats with outdoor access from ticks and associated pathogens, an effective year-round tick control is strongly recommended.