95. Jahresversammlung der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Hals-Nasen-Ohren-Heilkunde, Kopf- und Hals-Chirurgie

Prof. Dr.

NUR Wissenschaftliches Programm/ ONLY Scientific Program

Trigeminale Sensitivität der Mundschleimhaut 

Vortrag auf Einladung

Prädiktiver Wert der Riechfunktion bei Glioblastomen 

Vortrag des Preisträgers der AG Olfaktologie/Gustologie 2023

Taste Function in Patients with Cerebellopontine Angle Masses

Preisvortrag

The olfactory nerve as a channel for electrical stimulation of the salience network

Der Nervus olfactorius als Kanal für die elektrische Stimulation des Salienz-Netzwerks

Introduction: Seven million people in Germany suffer from depression. The data emphasizes the need for finding a therapeutic alternative for individuals who do not respond to the standard options. As the salience network is a key component in the pathology of the disease and also closely related to the olfactory system, it serves as a potential target. Hence, we wanted to investigate whether the activity in salience structures in the brain can be influenced by electrical stimulation of the olfactory mucosa in the nose. Methods: A total of 45 healthy subjects were included in the study. On the first appointment the individual stimulation threshold was determined and normosmia was tested. On the second and third appointment the olfactory/respiratory mucosa was stimulated for 12 minutes followed by an fMRI scan of the brain. Sequence of stimulation site was randomized across participants. During each session a resting-state and a task-based fMRI scan was performed. Results: The task-based data showed an increase in the BOLD-signal of the right insula when the olfactory stimulation is weighted against the trigeminal stimulation. Also, the activity in the left and right precuneus was significantly reduced. When performing a small volume correction, especially the right anterior insula and the left insula showed a higher BOLD-signal. The resting-state data revealed an increased connectivity between the right and left anterior insula, as well as between the right anterior insula and the ACC. The ACC also has an increased functional connectivity to the left piriform cortex. Conclusion: The results suggest that an intranasal electrical stimulation of the olfactory nerve can affect deep brain areas of the salience network and influence its neural activity.Die Autorinnen/Autoren geben an, dass kein Interessenkonflikt besteht.

Der Nervus olfactorius als Kanal für die elektrische Stimulation des Salienz-Netzwerks

Olfaktologie / Gustologie

Rhinologie

Freier Vortrag

Prof.

Prof. Dr. med. Dr. h. c.

Single-cell RNA sequencing of nasal mucosa for molecular and genetic analysis of chemosensory dysfunction in post-COVID patients

Chemosensory especially olfactory dysfunction (OD) is common after COVID-19.The exact mechanism of this impairment is connected with molecular changes, which can be examined using single-cell RNA sequencing (SCS).The objective of this study was to evaluate cell populations,receptor expressions and analyze differential gene expressions leading to the identification of signaling pathways,in post-COVID patients (PCPs). Single-cell RNA sequencing (Singelron,Germany) was conducted on nasal biopsy samples (n=26) obtained from clinically well-characterized patients,including 8 individuals without olfactory dysfunction and 18 individuals with olfactory dysfunction. Within the analyzed specimens,a total of 46,550 cells were identified,yielding 18 distinct cell populations that encompassed all major epithelial cell types present in the conducting airways,including basal,secretory,and ciliated cells.Notably,these cells exhibited a predominance and proportional prevalence in post-COVID patients with olfactory dysfunction (OD) compared to those without OD.Increased expression of genes NQO1, RPL37,CEBPD,and UGT2A1 was demonstrated in all cell clusters of PCPs with OD.The intercellular communication can provide evidence of immune and epithelial cell signaling.CD46,FN1,and CDH1 receptors have a predominant information flow among communication receptors in PCPs with OD. Immune cells have a crucial effect on the OD in PCPs.The understanding of cross-talk between immune and epithelial cells can lead to molecular and genetic underpinnings of COVID-related OD and will greatly advance diagnostics and treatment.The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest

Single-cell RNA sequencing of nasal mucosa for molecular and genetic analysis of chemosensory dysfunction in post-COVID patients

Session 16
Innovatives aus dem Gebiet der Olfaktologie und Gustologie

Appointment

Chair

Topic

Programme

Session 16Innovatives aus dem Gebiet der Olfaktologie und Gustologie

Appointment

Chair

Topic

Programme

Session 16
Innovatives aus dem Gebiet der Olfaktologie und Gustologie