Arbeitsbelastung und Krankheitsmuster in einer universitären Neurochirurgie: Eine vergleichende Analyse zwischen Berufsgruppen

This study investigates the workload and its potential correlation with sick leave patterns among residents, specialists, and consultants in a university neurosurgical department. The aim was to evaluate the impact of overtime on health and explore differences in workload dynamics across professional groups.

Retrospective workload and sick leave data from January 1, 2023, to December 31, 2023, were analyzed. Weekly working hours were calculated based on regular shifts, weekend shifts, and on-call duties. Statistical analyses assessed correlations and temporal relationships between overtime and sick leave occurrences.

Residents reported the highest frequency of sick leaves, averaging 4.5 days annually, compared to specialists (1.6 days) and consultants (1.2 days). A strong correlation (r>0.98) was observed between overtime and sick leave for residents, with sick leaves typically occurring 2.38 days after overtime. Sick leaves among residents were preceded by an average of 1.74 hours of overtime in the prior week. No significant correlation between overtime and sick leave was found for specialists and consultants.

Residents and specialists averaged 60.5 hours per week, including regular shifts, weekend shifts, and formal on-call duties (Bereitschaftsdienste). Consultants worked 68.5 hours per week, primarily through regular hours and weekend shifts, and performed on-call availability (Rufbereitschaften) rather than formal on-call duties. Despite similar schedules for residents and specialists, residents showed greater vulnerability, potentially due to differences in experience, coping mechanisms, or task demands during on-call duties.

The results highlight distinct workload effects on health across professional groups. Residents are particularly vulnerable to acute workload surges, suggesting a need for targeted interventions, such as shorter shifts and additional support during on-call duties. Specialists and consultants, less impacted by immediate workload stressors, may benefit from strategies addressing chronic stress and optimizing long-term workload distribution. Tailored approaches are essential to promote sustainability and well-being in neurosurgical teams.